Chronology of History |
| 15 billion years ago | The Universe formed | ||
| 4.5 bya | Solar system formed | ||
| 4 bya | Complex organic molecules formed on Earth | ||
| 3.6 bya | Prokaryotes formed | ||
| 3 bya | Cyanobacteria formed. Oxygen built up in atmosphere | ||
| 1.4 bya | Eukaryotes formed | PERIOD | |
| 540 mya | Cambrian Explosion | Cambrian | |
| 505 mya | Invertebrates dominant | Ordovician | |
| 440 mya | First jawed fish. First land plants. | Silurian | |
| 407 mya | Age of Fish | Devonian | |
| 360 mya | Amphibian dominant | Carboniferous | |
| 286 mya | Mass extinction of Paleozoic invertebrates | Permian | |
| 230 mya | Dinosaurs appeared | Triassic | |
| 210 mya | Peak of reptile development | Jurassic | |
| 130 mya | Flowering plants appeared | Cretaceous | |
| 65 mya | Dinosaurs extinct. Rise of giant birds. | Paleocene | |
| 57 mya | Grasses evolved. Rise of giant mammals. | Eocene | |
| 36 mya | Giant mammals extinct | Oligocene | |
| 23 mya | First ape (proconsul) | Miocene | |
| 5 mya | First evidence of upright walking | Pliocene | |
| 2 mya | First true human (Homo habilis) | Pleistocene | |
| 10000 ya | Growth of Human Civilisation | Holocene | |
| 3500 BCE | Bronze Age began | ||
| 3100 BCE | Sumerians invented writing | ||
| 2850 BCE | Narmer unified Egypt | ||
| 2400 BCE | Egyptians built Great Pyramids | ||
| 2350 BCE | Sargon I founded the Akkadian Empire | In China | |
| 2100 BCE | Xia Dynasty | ||
| 1728 BCE | Hammurabi started to rule in Babylon | ||
| 1600 BCE | Shang Dynasty | ||
| 1480 BCE | Egypt reached greatest expansion under Thutmosis III | ||
| 1425 BCE | Minoan civilisation in Crete destroyed | ||
| 1027 BCE | Zhou Dynasty | ||
| 770 BCE | Spring & Autumn Era started | ||
| 680 BCE | The New Assyrian Empire under Esarhaddon conquered Egypt | ||
| 614 BCE | The Median Empire under Cyaxares destroyed Assyria | ||
| 587 BCE | The New Babylonian Empire under Nebuchadnezzar II destroyed Jerusalem | ||
| 559 BCE | The Persian King Cyrus II conquered Medes | ||
| 560 BCE | Gautama Buddha born | ||
| 551 BCE | Confucius born | ||
| 539 BCE | The Persian King Cyrus II conquered Babylon | ||
| 490 BCE | The Athenians defeated the Persians at battle of Marathon | ||
| 475 BCE | Warring States started | ||
| 399 BCE | Socrates sentenced to death by poison | ||
| 333 BCE | Alexander the Great defeated the Persians under Darius III | ||
| 323 BCE | Alexander died of fever in Babylon | ||
| 221 BCE | Shi Huangdi united China | Qin Dynasty | |
| 216 BCE | The Carthaginians under Hannibal defeated Rome | ||
| 206 BCE | Han Dynasty | ||
| 146 BCE | The Romans destroyed Carthage | ||
| 141 BCE | Han Wudi ruled | ||
| 48 BCE | 9 Aug Julius Caesar defeated Pompey | ||
| 44 BCE | 15 Mar Julius Caesar murdered | ||
| 27 BCE | 16 Jan The Roman Senate bestowed the title 'Augustus' on Octavian | ||
| 8 CE | Wang Mang usurped the throne | ||
| 14 CE | 18 Aug Augustus Caesar died | ||
| 33 CE | Jesus Christ crucified | ||
| 79 CE | 24 Aug Mt Vesuvius erupted & buried Pompeii | ||
| 220 | Three Kingdoms | ||
| 265 | Jin Dynasty | ||
| 330 | 11 May Constantine the Great made Constantinople capital | ||
| 391 | Christianity became the state religion of the Roman Empire | ||
| 410 | Visigoths under Alarich conquered Rome | ||
| 420 | North & South Dynasties | ||
| 455 | Vandals seized & plundered Rome | ||
| 581 | Sui Dynasty | ||
| 618 | Tang Dynasty | ||
| 622 | 15 June Mohammed fled to Medina | ||
| 626 | Tang Taizong ruled | ||
| 690 | Wu Zetian ruled | ||
| 711 | Islamic armies invaded Spain | ||
| 800 | 23 Dec Charlemagne crowned emperor. Holy Roman Empire founded. |
||
| 907 | 5 Eras & 10 Kingdoms | ||
| 960 | Song Dynasty | ||
| 1066 | 14 Oct William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England | ||
| 1096 | The First Crusade | ||
| 1125 | Jurchens conquered Liao Kingdom | ||
| 1142 | Yue Fei executed | ||
| 1147 | The Second Crusade | ||
| 1196 | Genghis Khan proclaimed 'supreme ruler' | ||
| 1215 | 15 June King John signed the Magna Carta | ||
| 1234 | Mongols conquered Jurchen Kingdom | ||
| 1241 | Batu defeated the Hungarian army | ||
| 1251 | Hulagu conquered Persia | ||
| 1275 | Marco Polo reached China | ||
| 1280 | Kublai Khan conquered China | Yuan Dynasty | |
| 1299 | Sang Nila Utama (Sri Tri Buana) founded Singapura | ||
| 1347 | Black Death in Europe until 1354 killed a third of Europe's population | ||
| 1368 | Ming Dynasty | ||
| 1396 | Sultan Iskandar Shah (Parameswara) fled Singapura to found Malacca | ||
| 1405 | Cheng Ho embarked on naval expeditions | ||
| 1445 | Johann Gutenberg invented printing with movable type | ||
| 1453 | 29 May Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople. End of East Roman Empire. |
||
| 1492 | 12 Oct Christopher Colombus discovered America | ||
| 1494 | Treaty of Tordesillas to partition Spanish & Portuguese colonial empires | ||
| 1498 | Vasco da Gama found the sea route to India | ||
| 1506 | Leonardo da Vinci painted "Mona Lisa" | ||
| 1514 | 31 Oct Martin Luther posted 95 theses at Wittenberg | ||
| 1519 | Hernan Cortes destroyed the Aztec Empire. Ferdinand Magellan circumnavigated the globe. |
||
| 1526 | Suleiman II the Magnificent conquered Hungary | ||
| 1533 | Francisco Pizarro destroyed the Inca Empire | ||
| 1588 | English navy destroyed the Spanish Armada | ||
| 1603 | William Shakespeare published "Hamlet" | ||
| 1606 | Willem Jansz discovered Australia | ||
| 1644 | Manchus conquered China | Qing Dynasty | |
| 1687 | 5 July Isaac Newton published the "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica" | ||
| 1689 | Peter I started to rule in Russia | ||
| 1776 | 4 July American colonies declared independence | ||
| 1789 | 14 July The masses of Paris stormed the Bastille. Industrial Revolution started in England. |
| International Events | Events in Singapore | |
| 1804 | Napoleon Bonaparte crowned Emperor of France | |
| 1819 | 29 Jan Stamford Raffles founded Singapore | |
| 1820 | Syed Omar Ali Aljunied built Omar Kampong Malacca Mosque | |
| 1823 | Narayana Pillai built Sri Mariamman Temple | |
| 1824 | 7 May Beethoven's Ninth Symphony first performed in Vienna | 17 Mar Anglo-Dutch Treaty handed Singapore over to the British |
| 1844 | Tan Tock Seng opened a hospital for the poor | |
| 1857 | Tan Kim Seng donated $13000 to supply water to Singapore | |
| 1861 | American Civil War started | |
| 1865 | 14 Apr Abraham Lincoln assassinated | |
| 1867 | Sir Harry St George Ord became Singapore's first colonial governor | |
| 1869 | 17 Nov Suez Canal opened | Hoo Ah Kay became a member of the Legislative Council |
| 1886 | Gan Eng Seng founded a school to provide free education to the poor | |
| 1899 | Lim Boon Keng founded a school for Chinese girls | |
| 1904 | Sir John Anderson constructed the Singapore-Johore railway | |
| 1909 | 6 Apr Robert E Peary reached the North Pole | |
| 1911 | Sun Yat-Sen founded the Republic of China.
14 Dec Roald Amundsen reached the South Pole. |
|
| 1914 | 28 Jun Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand ignited World War I.
15 Aug Panama Canal opened |
|
| 1917 | 8 Mar Tsar Nicholas II overthrown in Russia | |
| 1918 | 11 Nov Germany signed an armistice to end World War I. Spanish flu killed more than 20 million people. |
|
| 1929 | 24 Oct Wall Street Crash, beginning of Great Depression | |
| 1934 | 1 Dec Joseph Stalin launched purges | |
| 1939 | 1 Sep Germany started World War II by attacking Poland | |
| 1942 | 15 Feb Singapore fell to Japan | |
| 1945 | 30 Apr Adolf Hitler committed suicide. 6 Aug Atomic bomb dropped in Hiroshima, Japan. |
|
| 1948 | 30 Jan Mahatma Gandhi assassinated | |
| 1950 | 11 Dec Maria Hertogh Riot | |
| 1951 | 14 Jun First commercial computer UNIVAC 1 put into service | |
| 1953 | 29 May Sir Edmund Hillary reached peak of Mount Everest | |
| 1955 | 6 Apr David Marshall became Chief Minister.
23 Apr Hock Lee Bus Company strike. | |
| 1959 | 3 Jun Singapore granted self-government. 6 Jun Lee Kuan Yew, 36, sworn in as Prime Minister. | |
| 1961 | 12 Apr Yuri Gagarin became first man in space | 25 May Bukit Ho Swee fire |
| 1963 | 16 Jun Valentina Tereshkova became first woman in space.
22 Nov J F Kennedy assassinated. |
Jan Confrontation with Indonesia. 16 Sep Federation of Malaysia formed. |
| 1964 | 21 July Racial riots during Prophet Muhammad's birthday procession |
| International Events | Events in Singapore | Personal Events | |
| 1965 | 9 Aug Singapore became independent | Born and stayed at 69 Duxton Road, Singapore 1 | |
| 1966 | 8 Aug Mao Zedong launched Cultural Revolution | ||
| 1968 | 4 Apr Martin Luther King Jr assassinated | ||
| 1969 | 21 July Neil Armstrong landed on the Moon | ||
| 1970 | 23 Nov Yusof bin Ishak passed away | 4 Aug Attended Kreta Ayer Children's Centre | |
| 1971 | 2 Jan Benjamin Sheares became President | ||
| 1972 | 3 Jan Started studies at Park Road School | ||
| 1973 | 3 Dec Pioneer 10 reached Jupiter | 8 May Malaysian currency no longer used in Singapore | Shifted to 217E, Blk 7, Jalan Bukit Ho Swee, Singapore 3, Tel 2731368 |
| 1975 | Pol Pot started to kill 2 million Cambodians.
Vietnam War ended. |
||
| 1976 | 28 Jul Tangshan earthquake killed 240 000.
9 Sep Mao Zedong passed away. 20 July Viking I landed on Mars. |
||
| 1977 | 16 Aug Elvis Presley died | ||
| 1978 | 12 Oct Greek tanker Spyros exploded | 3 Jan Started studies at Raffles Institution | |
| 1979 | 24 Dec Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan | 1 Jun Courtesy Campaign launched.
1 Jul 4-digit postal codes introduced. 7 Sep Speak Mandarin Campaign launched. |
|
| 1980 | 22 Sep Iran-Iraq War started.
12 Nov Voyager 1 photographed Saturn. 8 Dec John Lennon killed |
7 Dec Participated in Scouts Jamboree | |
| 1981 | 29 Jul Princess Diana's wedding. Rubik's Cube craze |
12 May President Sheares passed away | 9 May Shifted to Stirling Road |
| 1982 | 1 May Argentina invaded Falkland Islands | 1 Jan Clocks adjusted half hour earlier | 4 Jan Started studies at Hwa Chong Junior College |
| 1983 | 13 June Pioneer 10 flew further than Pluto | 29 Jan Cable Car accident | 20 Dec Enlisted at Infantry Training Depot |
| 1985 | 13 July Live Aid Concert | 30 Aug Wee Kim Wee became President | 13 Feb Studied at University of Western Australia |
| 1986 | 24 Jan Voyager 2 encountered Uranus.
28 Jan Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster. 26 Apr Chernobyl Disaster. Dec Halley's Comet returned. |
15 Mar Hotel New World collapsed | Shifted to 1/85 Winthrop Avenue, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009. Telephone 3867890 |
| 1987 | 7 Nov Mass Rapid Transit started operation | ||
| 1989 | 4 Jun Tiananmen incident. 25 Aug Voyager 2 encountered Neptune. 9 Nov Berlin Wall fell |
2 Jan Posted to 4th Singapore Infantry Regiment | |
| 1990 | 3 Oct Germany reunified | 28 Nov Goh Chok Tong became Prime Minister.
Certificate of Entitlement introduced. |
25 Jun Started course at Institute of Education.
11 - 14 Dec Fraser's Hill Trip. |
| 1991 | 16 Jan Gulf War started.
15 Jun Mt Pinatubo erupted. 26 Dec Soviet Union broke up. |
31 May - 7 Jun Bangkok Trip.
1 Jul Started work at National Junior College. 30 Nov - 3 Dec Cameron Highlands Trip. | |
| 1992 | 14 - 18 Jun Medan Trip.
6 - 14 Dec Brisbane Trip. | ||
| 1993 | 11 Dec Highland Towers in Kuala Lumpur collapsed | 17 - 22 Jun Hong Kong Trip | |
| 1994 | 6 Apr Genocide started in Rwanda | 5 May Michael Fay caned. Goods & Services Tax introduced. |
18 Jun Married. Moved to 326 Woodlands St 32. 5 - 16 Dec Toured Turkey, Greece, Egypt. |
| 1995 | 17 Jan Kobe Earthquake.
19 Apr Oklahoma City bombing killed 168 people. |
2 Mar Nick Leeson arrested.
17 Mar Flor Contemplacion executed. |
11 - 19 Dec Perth Trip |
| 1996 | 2 Jan Started work at Ministry of Education | ||
| 1997 | 1 Jul Hong Kong returned to China.
Jul 97 - 99 Asian Financial Crisis. 31 Aug Princess Diana died. 5 Sep Mother Theresa died. |
18 Sep Haze Pollution Standard Index reached 226.
19 Dec Silkair Flight MI185 crashed into Musi River. |
|
| 1998 | Sep Electronic Road Pricing introduced | ||
| 1999 | 20 Apr Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold shot dead 12 students at Columbine High School. | 16 - 22 Apr San Francisco Conference.
10 - 15 Jun Tokyo School Trip. | |
| 2000 | 13 Jan 7 Singaporeans injured over Hello Kitty dolls.
31 Oct SIA Flight SQ006 crashed in Taiwan. |
4 Dec Shifted to Regentville | |
| 2001 | 11 Sep Planes flew into New York World Trade Centre | 2 Jan Started work at Catholic Junior College.
5 - 7 Jun Malacca Trip. | |
| 2002 | 2 Jan Euro started circulation in Europe.
20 May Timor-Leste became independent. 12 Oct Bali bomb blast. |
9 - 12 Dec Cameron Highlands Trip | |
| 2003 | 1 Feb Space Shuttle Columbia Disaster.
20 Mar US invaded Iraq. |
27 Mar All schools closed due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome | 5 - 12 Dec Perth Trip |
| 2004 | 11 Mar Trains bombed in Madrid.
26 Dec Indian Ocean tsunami killed 250 000. |
20 Apr Nicoll Highway caved in.
12 Aug Lee Hsien Loong became Prime Minister. |
16 Sep Grandmother passed away at age 94.
20 - 21 Dec Lasik Operation. |
| 2005 | 7 Jul Terrorists bombed London subway.
29 Aug Hurricane Katrina hit Louisiana. 8 Oct Earthquake killed 50 000 in South Asia. |
2 May President Wee Kim Wee passed away.
11 Jul Defamation suit revealed that National Kidney Foundation CEO T T Durai misused charity funds. |
6 - 11 Dec Brisbane Trip |
| 2006 | 11 Jul 200 people killed in Mumbai train blasts.
24 Aug Pluto reclassified as a dwarf planet. |
8 - 12 Jun Japan Trip | |
| 2007 | 7 Jul Seven Modern Wonders of the World selected | 23 Nov 5 dragonboaters drowned in Cambodia | 21 - 22 Apr Desaru Stargazing.
11 - 14 Jun Thailand Trip. 3 - 5 Dec Batam Trip. |
| 2008 | 12 May Earthquake killed 60 000 in Sichuan, China.
15 Sep Lehman Brothers collapsed during Financial Crisis. 4 Nov Barack Obama elected President of USA. |
27 Feb Mas Selamat escaped.
23 May Pedra Branca declared to belong to Singapore. |
2 Jan Started work at Hwa Chong Institution.
16 - 24 Nov Shanghai School Trip. 3 - 9 Dec New Zealand Trip. |
| 2009 | 25 Jun Michael Jackson passed away | 28 Mar Members of Church of Our Saviour took over exco of the Association of Women for Action and Research (AWARE) | 10 - 17 Dec Switzerland and France Trip.
20 - 24 Dec Taiwan School Trip. |
| 2010 | 12 Jan Earthquake in Haiti killed 200 000.
14 Apr Volcano Eyjafjallajokull in Iceland erupted. |
16 Jun Orchard Road flooded | 30 Nov - 6 Dec Melbourne Conference.
11 - 19 Dec Toured Germany, Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Austria. |
| 2011 | 11 Mar Japan Earthquake, Tsunami and Nuclear Meltdown killed 10 000.
2 May Osama bin Laden killed. 20 Oct Libya Colonel Muammar Gaddafi killed. |
8 May Workers' Party won Aljunied Group Representation Constituency.
15 Dec Mass Rapid Transport Trains disrupted for over 4 hours. |
|
| 2012 | 29 Oct Hurricane Sandy hit New York.
14 Dec Adam Lanza shot dead 20 children and 6 staff at Sandy Hook Elementary School. |
26 Jun City Harvest Church founder Kong Hee charged with misappropriating $24 million. | 5 - 9 Dec Hong Kong Trip.
12 - 16 Dec Sydney and Melbourne Trip. |
| 2013 | 24 Apr Rana Plaza in Bangladesh collapsed killing 1129 garment workers.
7 Nov Typhoon Haiyan killed over 5000 in the Philippines. |
21 Jun Pollution Standard Index reached 401.
25 Jun Hail in western part of Singapore. 8 Dec Riot in Little India. |
1 May Primary School classmates reunited after many years. |
| 2014 | 8 Mar Malaysian Airlines flight MH370 disappeared into Indian Ocean.
17 Jul Malaysian Airlines flight MH17 shot down in Ukraine. |
17 - 26 Dec Italy Trip | |
| 2015 | 14 Jul New Horizons space probe visited Pluto.
29 Oct China scraped one-child policy. |
23 Mar Lee Kuan Yew passed away.
5 Jun Sabah Earthquake killed 7 pupils from Tanjong Katong Primary School. 9 Aug Singapore celebrates SG50. 25 Sep Schools closed due to haze. |
17 - 20 Jun Cameron Highland Trip.
16 - 21 Dec Taiwan Trip. |
| 2016 | 24 Jun United Kingdom voted to exit from European Union.
4 Jul Space probe Juno arrived at Jupiter. 8 Nov Donald Trump elected President of USA |
9 Mar Partial Solar Eclipse in Singapore.
13 Aug Joseph Schooling won Olympic gold medal. |
11 - 15 Jun Vietnam Hanoi Trip.
25 Jun Cantonese Opera at Hotel Royal. 12 - 16 Dec Cambodia Trip. |
| 2017 | 15 Sep Cassini spacecraft dived into Saturn | 9 Jul Sungei Road Flea Market closed.
7 Oct Bishan MRT flooded. |
30 Oct - 4 Dec Chief Presiding Examiner |
| 2018 | 10 May Pakatan Harapan won Malaysian Election from Barisan Nasional | 10 - 14 Jan Singapore's temperature dipped below 22oC for 5 days | 2 Dec 1.10 pm Straighty passed away.
9 - 15 Dec Bhutan Trip. |
| 2019 | 9 Jun Hong Kongers protested against Extradition Bill | 26 Dec Annular Solar Eclipse | 6 - 17 Jun United Kingdom Trip.
6 - 8 Dec Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City Trip. |
| 2020 | 23 Jan Wuhan Locked Down to stop spread of virus.
26 Dec More than 80 million Covid-19 cases worldwide. |
7 Apr - 1 Jun Circuit Breaker to curb spread of Covid-19.
10 Jul Workers' Party won Sengkang GRC. |
8 Apr - 4 May Full Home Based Learning |
| 2021 | 6 Jan Pro-Trump mob stormed the US Capitol Building | 19 Jul Sec 4 River Valley student killed Sec 1 student with an axe | 11 Mar, 1 Apr, 22 Oct Vaccination |
| 2022 | 24 Feb Russia invaded Ukraine | 26 Apr Group Size and Safe Distancing Rules Lifted | 17 - 23 Dec South Korea Trip |
| 2023 | 7 Oct Israel-Hamas War Started | 13 Feb Masks not needed on Public Transport | 2 - 5 Jun Maldives Trip |
| 2024 | 4 Nov Donald Trump reelected as President of USA | 15 May Lawrence Wong sworn in as Prime Minister | 14 - 17 Jun Shanghai Trip
31 Aug - 3 Sep Beijing Trip 7 - 14 Dec Montenegro, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia Trip |
| 2025 | |||
| 2026 | |||
| 2027 | |||
| 2028 | |||
| 2029 |